Asking “how are you?” is a fundamental part of French conversation. French has both formal and informal versions.
| French | IPA | English | Formality |
|---|---|---|---|
| Comment allez-vous? | [kɔ.mɑ̃ ta.le vu] | How are you? | Formal |
| Ça va? | [sa va] | How’s it going? | Informal |
| Ça va bien | [sa va bjɛ̃] | I’m fine | Universal |
| Et vous? / Et toi? | [e vu] / [e twa] | And you? | Formal / Informal |
Asking “How Are You?”
Formal: Comment allez-vous? [kɔ.mɑ̃ ta.le vu] — use with strangers, older people, in
professional settings.
Informal: Ça va? [sa va] or Comment ça va? [kɔ.mɑ̃ sa va] — use with friends,
family, people your age.
Important: Always ask back! It’s considered polite to return the question with Et vous?
(formal) or Et toi? (informal).
Responding
| French | IPA | English |
|---|---|---|
| Ça va bien | [sa va bjɛ̃] | I’m doing well |
| Très bien, merci | [tʁɛ bjɛ̃ mɛʁ.si] | Very well, thank you |
| Pas mal | [pa mal] | Not bad |
| Comme ci, comme ça | [kɔm si kɔm sa] | So-so |
| Pas très bien | [pa tʁɛ bjɛ̃] | Not very well |
| Je suis fatigué(e) | [ʒə sɥi fa.ti.ɡe] | I’m tired |
Note: Ça va works as both question and answer. A common quick exchange:
- A: Ça va? — B: Ça va, et toi? — A:
Ça va.
Typical Conversations
Formal:
- A: Bonjour, Madame. Comment allez-vous?
- B: Très bien, merci. Et vous?
- A: Je vais bien, merci.
Informal:
- A: Salut! Ça va?
- B: Oui, ça va bien, et toi?
- A: Super, merci!
Common Mistakes
| ❌ Wrong | ✓ Correct | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Ça va? to your boss | Comment allez-vous? | Use formal with superiors |
| Je suis bien | Je vais bien | Use aller not être for “doing well” |
| Not asking back | Et vous? / Et toi? | Always return the question |
Practice Sentences
-
Bonjour, Monsieur. Comment allez-vous?
[bɔ̃.ʒuʁ mə.sjø kɔ.mɑ̃ ta.le vu]
Hello, Sir. How are you? -
Je vais très bien, merci. Et vous?
[ʒə vɛ tʁɛ bjɛ̃ mɛʁ.si e vu]
I’m doing very well, thank you. And you? -
Salut Marie! Ça va?
[sa.ly ma.ʁi sa va]
Hi Marie! How are you? -
Pas mal, un peu fatigué.
[pa mal œ̃ pø fa.ti.ɡe]
Not bad, a bit tired. -
Comme ci, comme ça. J’ai beaucoup de travail.
[kɔm si kɔm sa ʒe bo.ku də tʁa.vaj]
So-so. I have a lot of work.
Exercise: Match the Response
Choose the best response for each situation:
- Your boss asks: Comment allez-vous? → _______
- A friend asks: Ça va? (you’re doing great) → _______
- Someone asks how you are (you’re so-so) → _______
- After answering, you want to ask back (formal) → _______
- You’re tired but okay → _______
Answers
- Très bien, merci. [tʁɛ bjɛ̃ mɛʁ.si] — formal, polite response
- Super! [sy.pɛʁ] or Ça va très bien! — enthusiastic
- Comme ci, comme ça [kɔm si kɔm sa] — so-so
- Et vous? [e vu] — formal “and you?”
- Ça va, un peu fatigué(e) [sa va œ̃ pø fa.ti.ɡe] — okay but tired